Fabric and method of making- the same



F. l.. BRIGHAM FABRIC AND METHOD OF' MAKING THE SAME Dec. 22, l925- i l 1,566,728

Filed sept. 4, 1925 INVENTOR ATTO EYS Patented Dec. 22, 1925.

UNITED lSTATES PATENT OFFICE. I

FAIBBIGAN D METHOD 0F MAKING THE SAME. I

Application led September 4, 1925. Serial No. 54,408.

To all whom it may concern.'

Be it known that I, FREDERICK L. BRIG- HAM, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Upper Montclair, in the county of Essex and State of New Jersey, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Fabrics and Methods of Making the Same, of which the following is a specifcation.

My invention is directed to an improvement in elastic fabrics and to the thread from which the fabric is made, as well as to the method of making the fabric and thread.

In the manufacture of elastic fabrics as now practised with'A particular reference tov woven elastic fabrics, it is customer to employv warp threads comprising an e astic core or strand enclosed in one or more brous coverings, such as cotton or silk for example, usually wrapped spirally about the core while the elastic core thread is stretched to its approximate limit. In the weavingof fabric along the selvage edge or edges theresuch fabrics the warp threads are extended tb the approximate limit of the elastic of the core thread, and if a short stretch fabric is desired, either the filler threads in the process of weaving are beaten up as tight as is practicable or starch is used in order to control the stretch of the inished fabric.

When such a fabric is made up into a garment, however, it is not feasible to cut the of to shape the garment, inasmuch as -this releases vthe rubber cores of the warp threads and the same pull back through the fabric to cause runs therein. The useof starch is also a disadvantage inasmuch as when such material is washed or becomes damp the starch is dissolved out so that any benefit which may have been derived from the presence of the starch in the fabric is lost.

My invention provides a process whereby l an improved fabric is produced wherein, if the elastic core of the warp threadsV be cut from any cause, either from stitching sta s in place or in cutting the fabric along t e selva e edge, for example, these severed threagls will Aremain in position, i. e., will not pull back through the fabric.

My improved fabric is also ofsuch a character that the results desired may be obtained without the necessity of employlng starch or without any abnormal beating up of the filler threads to control the stretch of the fabric, and without streaching the elastic core threads to a detrimental extent.

. Briefly, my invention lprovides a fabric 1n which an improved thread is employed comprlsmg an elastic thread or threads and a non-extensible. thread or threads twisted' without the extensible thread of the cores pulling back.

In incorporating my improved thread into a fabrlc the non-extensible stay threads prevent extension of the extensible core threads beyond a certain predetermined limit, there@ by .enablmg the stretch of the finished materlal to be controlled, this feature of my inventlon being accomplished as above noted without the necessity of employing starch and .without the necessity beating up of the filler threads.

Other and further advantages of my invention will appear hereinafter.

In the accompanying drawings wherein I have lllustrated an embodiment of my inventlon, Fig. 1 is a plan view of one form of my lmproved fabric employing my improved thread;

Fig. is a more or less fragmentary view of my lmproved thread in the first stages of itsA manufacture;

Fig. 3 shows the thread in its more advanced state of manufacture showing the covering threads being applied thereto;

Fig. 4 shows the completed thread inelevation; while Fig. 5 is a section through the thread of Fig. 4.

Referring to the drawings in detail, 1

designates a section of extensible material,`

such as elastic for example, which constitutes a part of the core of my improved thread. 2 is a section of non-extensible materlal such as cotton, for` example, this thread hereinafter being referred to as a of any abnormal stay thread. The elastic thread l, which I V will refer to as a core thread, and the stay thread 2 are twisted together as indicated in Figs. 3 and 4 by any suitable twisting machlne, in the art. In the twisting together of these two threads the core thread l is extended, but not beyond its elastic limit, the extension of the core thread being limited by the stay thread. After the stayV andA core threads have been twisted together I wrap of which there are several'well known'v are of non-extensible material such as cotton, silk, etc., and are ,wound about the threads 1 and 2 spirally, one thread being iwound right hand, while the other is preferably wound in the opposite hand. This `method, therefore,'produces a thread com- 'prising an elastic core thread 1 and a nonnsl extensible stay threads stood. of course, that the fibrous binder and extensible stay thread 2 twisted together and covered with a non-extensible covering ory binding thread 3 and an additional covering or binding thread 4. My' improved thread is of such a. character that even though the elastic or extensible thread 1 be cut, the same will not pull back or retract through the coverings 3 and 4. Thls characteristic is due to the core thread 1 and non-extensible stay thread 2 being twisted together but is no doubt-aided to a considerable extent by the application of the covering or binding threads 3 and 4.

I may here mention that while I have 1llustrated and described but one elastic core thread and one non-extensiblev stay thread, it is to be understood that I may employ a plurality of both oreither such threads.

In making up my improved thread into an elastic fabric, I employ my improved thread' for the warp when making a woven fabric, and for clarity this thread has been designated 5 in Fig. 1, preferably in conjunction with fibrous binder threads 6 and gut threads 7, these threads being cotton, silk, or other suitable material, thus producing a fabric of interlaced threads. The gut threads employed may consist of any suitable number, four for example, as illustrated.

In the weaving of this fabric the core' threadsl are placed under tension to the approximate limit permitted byv the non- 2, it being undergut threads above referred to are also under some tension. With the threads in the condition first indicated, the fabric may be woven in the usual way. I have found that a fabric in which twenty or twenty-one of my improved warp threads are employed to the inch and in which thirty-two ply yarn for the gut and sixty-two ply yarn for the binder threads are employed produces a satisfactory fabric.

By the employmenty .of my improved method of making a thread and by employing this improved thread in the making up of a. fabric, the elastic core thread 1 being stretched to thelimit permitted by the incxtensible stay thread 6, a short stretch fabric is produced without employing starch or any abnormal beating up "of the filler threads.

If desired, however, a small percentage of starch or other material may be used in .the finishing process to give body and smooth` ness to thenished fabric.

I find also that a fabric produced in ac cordance with this invention and employing the improved thread above described may be cut along the selvagc edge as indicated in broken lines at 8 in 4Fig. 1 without the elastic or extensible threads 1 pulling back through the fabric and causing runs.

It is to be understood that the improved thread of this application may be employed in making up fabrics other than woven fabries within the purview of my invention.

What I claim `1s 1. An article o-f manufacture comprising an elastic thread and a non-extensible thread twisted together and a covering spirally wrapped about said threads.

2. An article of manufacture comprising an elastic thread and a non-extensible thread' twisted together and a covering of non-extensible material spirally wrapped about the said first-mentioned threads.

3. An article of manufacture comprising an elastic threadand @non-extensible thread twisted together continuously, and a covering of non-extensible materialspirally wrapped about said threads.

4. An article of manufacture comprising` an elastic thread and .anon-extensible thread twisted together, and a non-extensible thread wrapped about the two first-mentioned threads.

5. An article of manufacture comprising anelastic core thread and a non-extensible stay thread of a length to limit the extension of the said extensible core thread, said threads being twisted together, and a nonextensible thread wrapped about,the two first-mentioned twisted threads.

6. A woven fabric some of the warp threads of which comprise a core composed of an elastic threadand an inelastic thread twisted together and covered with a nonelastic thread wrapped about them.

7. A fabric comprising a plurality of interlacedl threads, some of said threads comprising an elastic core thread and va non-.

elastic stay thread twisted together, and covered with a non-elastic thread wrapped about them.-

8. The method which consists in twisting an elastic thread and a non-extensible thread y together and applying acoverin s irall about 'said threads. g p y 9. The method which consists in twisting an .elastic thread and a non-extensible thread together and wrapping a non-extensible thread about the two twisted-together Y threads.

10. The method of manufacturing elastic fabric which method consists in employing warp threads provided with a core comprising ah eastc thread and a non-elastic thread twisted together and a. @over spra'y Wrapped about said core, and Weaving the fabric with the Warp threads under the tension perrntted by the non-elastic thread of the Warp thread core.

1l. The method which consists im twisting am easte thread and a, non-extensible thread testfase together With the elastic thread under tension, and then Winding a covering thread of m non-extensible material about the said Erstmentioned threads with the easte thread under tension.

This speecaton signed this 2nd day of September.) 1925 IFIL'EDERCK L. BREGHA@ 

